489 Júlia Gifra Durall United Nations peacekeeping operations under Chapter VII: Exception or widespread practice ? Haiti, among others. From their inception all of these have been under Chapter VII of the Charter, with the situation qualified as a threat to peace. To these one must add the ensemble of operations situated originally under Chapter VI of the Charter and moved over to Chapter VII, which are: MONUC, missions deployed in the former Yugoslavia (UNPROFOR), in Somalia (ONOSUM I – UNITAF- UNSOM II) and in Rwanda (UNAMIR – Operation Turquoise). 2.1.2 Operations of support from regional agencies and coalitions of states In the context of authorizations, the importance of support operations on behalf of regional organizations and coalitions of states is significant. In effect, the Security Council has authorized but few UN peacekeeping operations to use force in an isolated manner, and in the majority of cases it has tended to attribute this enforcement capacity to UN peacekeeping operations in conjunction with regional organizations and coalitions. The different conflicts involving UN operations can be structured according to whether they are: 1. Conflicts in which UN peacekeeping operations have been deployed, together with operations from regional o sub-regional organizations: • DR Congo • Burundi • Sudan and its extension to Chad- Central African Republic • Liberia • Ex Yugoslavia 2. Conflicts in which UN peacekeeping operations have been deployed, together with coalitions of states • Rwanda • Haiti • East Timor • Mali Conflicts in which UN peacekeeping operations have been deployed, with operations from regional o sub-regional agencies as well as coalitions of states • Somalia • Ivory Coast
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