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REVISTA IEEE 9
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Salvador Sánchez Tapia Defining a model for analysis of civil-military relations...
This situation is exacerbated by a constitutional provision that restricts public debate
on a broad range of issues, not necessarily classified, related to the armed forces,51 and
by a political culture with an underdeveloped and poorly organized civil society52 with
a sparse network of civil organizations like think tanks, lobbies, or pressure groups to
scrutinize the activity of the armed forces and act as fire alarms to redress potential
excesses.53
Recruitment in Greece does not seem to be an issue currently, if only because the
military maintains a conscription system that seems to be broadly accepted.54 Cases
of draft evasion and conscientious objection are officially few; partly because draft
evasion is severely punished and conscientious objection penalized with substantially
longer terms of service; partly because the almost universal agreement on the existence
of an external threat.
The future, however, looks less rosy. Demographic projections show that the
manpower available for military service will decrease in 2019 to 42,3 percent of the total
population, from its current level of 45,7 percent.55 This trend is seen with concern by
the HNDGS because of the implications it may have on recruitment, and is forcing
it to reconsider the future composition of the armed forces and other issues like the
duration of military service.56
Area 4 Politicization of the Military (Non-Partisanship)57
It is a fact of life that the members of the armed forces hold their own views on
political issues and feel attraction for or repulsion against the different legitimate
options available in the political marketplace. Soldiers, after all, are citizens, in spite of
51 ALIVIZATOS, Nicos C., “Civilian Supremacy Over the Military. The Case of Modern Greece,”
Military Law and Law of War Review, Vol. 30, Issues 1-4 (1991), p. 19.
52 SOTIROPOULOS, Dimitri A. and KARAMAGIOLI, Evika. Greek Civil Society: The Long
Road to Maturity (2005). (Athens: Access 2 Democracy, 2006), p. 8.
53 DOKOS, Thanos P., “The Evolution of Civil-Military Relations and Progress in Greek Security
Sector Reform,” in Security Sector Transformation in Southeastern Europe and the Middle East, ed.
Thanos P. Dokos (Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2007), p. 45.
54 COLOUMBIS, Theodore and DOKOS, Thanos. “National Security” In Greece. A Country
Study, edited by CURTIS, Glen E., 269-323. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1995.
55 BMI Research, Greece. Defense and Security Report. 2015 (London: BMI Research, 2015), 18.
56 Hellenic Republic Ministry of National Defense. White Book on Defense 2014. (Athens: Hellenic
Army’s Printing Office, 2015), 135.
57 Unless otherwise indicated, we use in this paper the term “politicization” not in the sense of the
military having the necessary political acumen to interact with the civilians in the civil-military nexus,
where the limits of the political and of the military are blurred, but rather as synonymous to “political
partisanship.”
- The Fifth Element
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- En busca de una Estrategia de Seguridad Nacional
- Ángel Gómez de Ágreda
- Book review
- Ethical leadership and responsible management as levers for improvement in security, emergency and defence organisations
- Javier Jordán Enamorado
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- Carlos García-Guiu López
- The Islamic state and Jabhat Al-Nusra; new actors in Lebanon?
- Antonio Alonso Marcos
- The cartoon, the new weapon of the first world war
- Javier Lion Bustillo
- Defining a model for analysis of civil-military relations patterns
- Manuel García Ruiz
- Proxy wars in cyberspace
- Salvador Sánchez Tapia
- Presentation of Issue nº 9 of the Spanish Institute for Strategic Studies (IEEE) Magazine
- Manuel R. Torres Soriano
- Miguel Ángel Ballesteros Martín
- Consejo de redacción
- Miguel Ángel Ballesteros Martín
- Presentación de la revista
- Manuel R. Torres Soriano
- Guerras por delegación en el ciberespacio
- Proxy wars in cyberspace
- Salvador SánchezTapia
- Definición de un procedimiento de análisis de modelos de relaciones cívico-militares
- Defining a model for analysis of civil-military relations patterns
- Manuel García Ruiz
- La viñeta, la nueva arma durante la I Guerra Mundial
- The cartoon, the new weapon of the First World War
- Javier Lion Bustillo
- El Estado Islámico y Jabhat al-Nusra, ¿nuevos actores en el Líbano?
- The Islamic State and Jabhat Al-Nusra; new actors in Lebanon?
- Antonio Alonso Marcos
- Centroasiáticos luchando en Siria: El peligro de los retornados del Estado Islámico para Asia Central
- Central Asians fighting in Syria: The danger of Islamic State retournees to Central Asia
- Carlos García-Guiu López
- Liderazgo ético y gestión responsable como vectores de mejora en las Organizaciones de Seguridad, Emergencia y Defensa
- Ethical leadership and responsible management as levers for improvement in security, emergency and defence organisations
- Javier Jordán Enamorado
- En busca de una Estrategia de Seguridad Nacional
- Ángel Gómez de Ágreda
- El quinto elemento
- Normas para los autores de artículos
- p 111-131.pdf
- The Fifth Element
- Book review
- En busca de una Estrategia de Seguridad Nacional
- Ángel Gómez de Ágreda
- Book review
- Ethical leadership and responsible management as levers for improvement in security, emergency and defence organisations
- Javier Jordán Enamorado
- Central Asians fighting in Syria: the danger of Islamic State retournees to Central Asia
- Carlos García-Guiu López
- The Islamic state and Jabhat Al-Nusra; new actors in Lebanon?
- Antonio Alonso Marcos
- The cartoon, the new weapon of the first world war
- Javier Lion Bustillo
- Defining a model for analysis of civil-military relations patterns
- Manuel García Ruiz
- Proxy wars in cyberspace
- Salvador Sánchez Tapia
- Presentation of Issue nº 9 of the Spanish Institute for Strategic Studies (IEEE) Magazine
- Manuel R. Torres Soriano
- Miguel Ángel Ballesteros Martín
- Consejo de redacción
- Miguel Ángel Ballesteros Martín
- Presentación de la revista
- Manuel R. Torres Soriano
- Guerras por delegación en el ciberespacio
- Proxy wars in cyberspace
- Salvador SánchezTapia
- Definición de un procedimiento de análisis de modelos de relaciones cívico-militares
- Defining a model for analysis of civil-military relations patterns
- Manuel García Ruiz
- La viñeta, la nueva arma durante la I Guerra Mundial
- The cartoon, the new weapon of the First World War
- Javier Lion Bustillo
- El Estado Islámico y Jabhat al-Nusra, ¿nuevos actores en el Líbano?
- The Islamic State and Jabhat Al-Nusra; new actors in Lebanon?
- Antonio Alonso Marcos
- Centroasiáticos luchando en Siria: El peligro de los retornados del Estado Islámico para Asia Central
- Central Asians fighting in Syria: The danger of Islamic State retournees to Central Asia
- Carlos García-Guiu López
- Liderazgo ético y gestión responsable como vectores de mejora en las Organizaciones de Seguridad, Emergencia y Defensa
- Ethical leadership and responsible management as levers for improvement in security, emergency and defence organisations
- Javier Jordán Enamorado
- En busca de una Estrategia de Seguridad Nacional
- Ángel Gómez de Ágreda
- El quinto elemento
- Normas para los autores de artículos
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