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200 MANUEL MONTERO GARCÍA ABSTRACT The morale of the soldiers constitutes a basic element for evaluating an army in war, but it usually proves difficult to analyze, as there are not sources that allow it. We can approach this essential issue for the end of the 19th century’s colonial wars. It is possible because of the find of several dozen letters sent to their houses by soldiers of Baracaldo who battled in Cuba and Philippines between 1895 and 1898. This article analyzes the positionings of this type that were made by a wide collective, of 74 soldiers, in private letters to their families or friends. On the whole, it prevailed the acceptance of the war, as well as the military values which extolled discipline or bravery, even though they seldom expressed patriotic notions. At all times the soldiers believed in the Spanish victory. However, since the summer of 1897, when the war became stagnant and the epidemics broke out, it can be noticed in Cuba an incipient mistrust of the troop. KEY WORDS: colonial wars, military morale, Cuban war, Philippiness war, soldiers letters, discipline. * * * * * Revista de Historia Militar, 121 (2017), pp. 200-234. ISSN: 0482-5748


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