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305 Carlos Alberto Carravilla Gregorio Analysis of the situation of peace and… • A self-administered survey shared with 68 people from the aforementioned groups, following a technique of convenience sampling. This said evaluation has been employed as well for the framework of the present research. THE POSSIBILITIES OF LASTING PEACE AND STABILITY IN LIBERIA AFTER THE WITHDRAWAL OF UNMIL The Accra Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), signed in August of 2003, put an end to the Liberian civil war which had razed the country between 1989 and 2003. On September 19th, 2003, one month after the signing of the CPA by the several parties to the conflict, UNMIL was set up through UN Security Council Resolution 1509 (2003). For its part, UNMIL has played a key role in the maintenance of peace and stability in the country from the outset of its operations. In the last fourteen years, no large-scale violent incidents have been registered in the country, although there have been violent outbreaks, adequately handled by UNMIL. Despite this, as will be analyzed in detail below, Liberia continues to constitute a threat to the international peace and security of West Africa. The birth of a nation The foundation of Liberia at the beginning of the XIX century was motivated by «the domestic politics of slavery and race in the United States as well as by U.S: foreign policy interests»3. In 1816, a group of white Americans founded the American Colonization Society (ACS) in order to resolve, through the re-settling of these in Africa, the problem of a growing number of free Negroes in the United States. After a failed attempt in 1818, the ACS, with the aid of the Navy of the United States of America (hereinafter USA), brought pressure to bear on a local ruler in order to achieve the purchase of a strip of land, constantly under attack by local tribes, for which reason it was fortified, and in 1824 designated «Liberia»4. The settlers, or Americo-Liberians, received financial support from the USA once settled into their new lands, as well as education from the American Methodist Mission in Cape Montserrado. For their part, the native population had no access to these benefits, which rapidly led to the creation of an Americo-Liberian elite; «Liberia developed into a relatively stable oligarchy through the 1800’s and mid-1900’s»5. Thus, 3  Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs, United States Department of State, «Milestones: 1830-1860. Founding of Liberia, 1847», undated, available at: https://history.state.gov/ milestones/1830-1860/liberia. Viewed: 07.04.2016. 4  Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs, United States Department of State, Ibid. Viewed: 07.04.2016. 5  Truth and Reconciliation Commission, «Consolidated Final Report», Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 2009, p. 14, available at: http://trcofliberia.org/resources/reports/final/volume-two_ layout-1-pdf. Viewed: 22.05.2016. http://revista.ieee.es

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