46 CARLOS JOSÉ HERNANDO SÁNCHEZ resto de Italia, como retaguardia del reino partenopeo, así como en el Norte de África, a fin de contener el avance otomano. Esa batalla formaba parte de un programa político que legitimaba la expansión de España a partir de sus intereses comerciales y de los tradicionales ideales de cruzada. El Rey Cató-lico se convirtió en árbitro de Italia gracias también a sus numerosos agen-tes, sobre todo en la corte pontificia, creando un eje entre Roma y Nápoles que sería decisivo para el futuro político y cultural de la Monarquía. En ese horizonte, la acción política del Gran Capitán desembocó en un conflicto irresoluble con Fernando el Católico durante el período de las regencias en Castilla. PALABRAS CLAVE: Nápoles, Corona de Aragón, España, Gran Capitán, virrey, soldado político, cruzada, expansión, facciones, clientelas, ejército. ABSTRACT In 1503 the conquest by the Great Captain, Gonzalo Fernandez de Cor-doba completed the aggregation of the Kingdom of Naples to the monarchy of the Catholic Monarchs and in 1504 becoming the legal government of the first viceroy, but continued a historical trajectory of a politic soldier, initiated in 1495 with de first war of Naples in support of the local branch the House of Aragon. The Spanish conquest executed by the new military techniques under the Great Captain in his victory over the military might of France was generally interpreted by the contemporary Florentines Machia-velli and Guicciardini in function of the princely and noble ambition, rivalry and political calculation. But the aggregation of the Kingdom of Naples to the new Monarchy of Spain extended its expansive horizon. The defense of the inherited patrimony, in which the ultra farum kingdom of Sicily oc-cupied a fundamental role despite its apparent distance, was to be secured by the control of the kingdom of citra Farum Sicily, Naples, that Ferdinand the Catholic endeavored to reinstate to the central branch of the house of Aragon after separation at the death of Alfonso V in 1458. From then on, Naples was the pivot of a great Mediterranean strategy, and the rest of Italy the rearguard of the Kingdom, turned into a base together with Sicily, to contain the Turkish advance and, where appropriate, to undertake new terri-torial challenges in Africa. This struggle was part also of a political program that legitimated Spanish expansion in the Mediterranean by stressing both commercial interests and the traditional ideals of Crusades. The Catholic King became the arbiter of Italian balance and the already strong presence Revista de Historia Militar, II extraordinario de 2015, pp. 45-114. ISSN: 0482-5748
RHM_extra3_2015_500 años Gran Capitán
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