Alberto Gallego Gordon The structural causes of instability and conflict... 329 Figure 1. The Sahel and its size compared to the Iberian Peninsula. On https://accionhumanitaria.files.wordpress. com/2012/06/sahel4.jpg and author’s own work. Date of reference 15/03/18. As important as the religious diversity is the enormous ethnic variety even within countries, where Berbers, Arabs and black sub-Saharan Africans live together. The creation of the new states left many ethnic communities fragmented across various countries, such as the Tuareg (in Niger, Mali and Burkina Faso). In other countries, certain ethnic majorities predominate, sharing with a number of minorities. The following pages show a series of comparative charts containing the most rele-vant indicators for these countries with respect to Spain, created by the author5 using Graph 1. Surface in thousands of square kilometres. Author’s own work based on data obtained from the UN website, corresponding to 2017. Available on http://data.un.org/en/index.html. Date of reference 25/02/18. 5 As of the date of this analysis, April 2018, unless indicated otherwise, the available data is from 2017. Revista del Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos n.º 12 - Año: 2018 - Págs.: 325 a 366
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