Eisa Younes Framing and analyzing ISIS through classical management… 293 economically reliant on the organization. Such individuals are ripe for the Club Mod-el, as they want to give meaning to their life, which before joining the pull of the organization, generally lies in an unused state in an economic and social vacuum. The second profile exists for the foreign terrorist fighter who generally is not from such a background, but is brimming with radicalized fervor and willing to even invest in achieving martyrdom in a foreign country. Such individuals can have an educat-ed background, but would be carrying significant seriousness and focus in religious matters, holding strong views and generally being argumentative in their social circles when debating religious issues. Regarding the profile of the Lone Actor operators sup-portive of ISIS, these are generally loners who go about their own business in a quiet fashion, and are on the fringes of social integration, shunning much social activity, spending a disproportionate time surfing the internet with a view to collecting data to be used for their activities. Financing Finance is required to operate organizations as various important stakeholders in-volved in terrorism are in the fray for resources. Intercepting and constraining this lifeline of fundamental resources provides counterterrorism agencies with a major tool for breaking down the effectiveness of terrorist outfits. However, the fountainhead of resources and the diversity of the finance base of these organizations can differ in complexity and influence, thereby requiring modulated approaches to countering them. The issue is compounded when national states overtly harbor terrorist organiza-tions28. This is where the organizations become a tool for furthering the regional and international designs of the state, and they have a low degree of independence. The dimension making this availability of finance a robust source for the terror outfits is the amounts involved. When a resourceful nation supports terrorism, it results in the emergence of attractive prepositions for its recruitment and continuity. Also, in this realm, protection money is a form of illegal tax installed in many countries where lawlessness abounds, and provides a vacuum of government for ter-rorists. Organizations including the FARC, the Taliban and ETA have engaged in the imposition of these taxes. They can, however, be a source of acrimony with the con-stituents who may be antagonized when made to pay sums of money without having any advantages. ISIS financing is estimated to run into huge amounts, with estimates as much as between USD 1 billion to USD 2 billion in the year 201529. This makes the dangerous 28 Fanusie, Y. J., & Entz, A. “Islamic State: Financial Assessment”.Center on Sanctions & Illicit Finance. Foundation for Defense of Democracies. 2017. 29 Glaser, D. “The Evolution of Terrorism Financing: Disrupting the Islamic State”.The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. 2016. Revista del Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos n.º 13 - Año: 2019 - Págs.: 275 a 306
Revista_IEEE_13
To see the actual publication please follow the link above