333 Semester journal of the IEEE Review Diplomacia de Defesa - O Diálogo da Força ou a Força do Diálogo (Defence Diplomacy - The Dialogue of Power or The Power of Dialogue) consists of four chapters, in which basic concepts such as globalisation, security, foreign policy and diplomacy are pre-sented, in addition to the role, development and evolution of the concept of Defence Diplomacy. The first chapter provides a magnificent overview of the conceptual evolution of globalisation, security and diplomacy in the aftermath of the Cold War, and how this evolution has contributed to the emergence of Defence Diplomacy as a key foreign policy instrument for states. In the second chapter, the author highlights the role of Defence Diplomacy in conflict prevention, the promotion of democracy and as a soft power, underscoring its contribution to the field of preventive diplomacy and its potential role in bringing the armed forces of states closer, as well as the armed forces and civil society. In the third chapter, Penedos addresses and elaborates on the role of Defence Di-plomacy as a foreign policy instrument for states, and analyses this form of diplomacy, its implementation and development using practical examples in countries such as the United Kingdom, New Zealand and China. Finally, the last chapter assesses the Ministry of Defence’s contribution to Por-tuguese foreign policy, and identifies the various components making up Defence Diplomacy, before concluding with a prospective essay on Defence Diplomacy in Portugal, for which purpose the author interviewed political, diplomatic, academic and military figures with experience in the subject.In her work, Maria do Rosário Penedos shows us that Defence Diplomacy is one instrument available to states for the implementation of foreign policy. The scope, extent and organisation of these instru-ments will depend on the circumstances and interests of each country. However, it has been demonstrated that both the exchange of knowledge between countries and good personal relations between the countries’ senior state officials are important factors in forging good international relations. The practical examples of Defence Diplomacy described in chapter 3 of the book, relating to the UK, New Zealand and the People’s Republic of China, were a clever and wise choice. The UK, because it was the first country to present the theory and application of this defence concept. New Zealand, because it is a small, maritime country with no territorial disputes, with a modern parliamentary democracy and a well structured military organisation. And, unlike the others, China, because it is a vast territory governed by a communist regime and with a highly politicised military organisation. Thus, the reader can clearly see that the national goals and interests of the countries studied are different, but that they all use diplomacy to achieve their foreign policy objectives. By way of conclusion, new areas of Defence Diplomacy, such as the creation of sustainable cooperative relations to build mutual trust and transparency in defence relations, have led most of the world’s countries to expand their Defence Diploma-cy policies to include broader foreign policy and security objectives, such as secur- Revista del Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos n.º 13 - Año: 2019 - Págs.: 329 a 332
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