300 Journal of The Spanish Institute for Strategic Studies N. 4 / 2014 There is no doubt that Afghanistan has been one of the most demanding of scenarios for the forces of the more than 50 participating countries and as such, one of the conflicts where troops have found themselves under greatest stress, which on no few occasions has been accentuated by combat situations. Authors Barderas, García-Silgo and Pastor address the role of transformational leadership as a protector from labor stress and the difficulty of implementing it in hierarchical organizations. This is a novel subject for our journal, but one of great interest. Fernando Ibáñez Gomez extrapolates conclusions from the lessons learned from the excellent results achieved in the fight against acts of Somali piracy, in an attempt to apply them successfully in the Gulf of Guinea, where acts of piracy are increasing and are currently more numerous than those in the Somali basin. Professor Ibáñez analyses lines of action, such as international military presence, means of self-protection, and even the influence on the sea of stability and security on land, not overlooking regional cooperation and the reinforcing of the naval capacities of bordering coastal countries. Following with questions proper to maritime space, in one of the papers most closely linked to strictly military aspects of those published in our Journal to date, Guillem Colom describes the principal characteristics which define the U.S. Navy. He thus analyses the changes introduced in order to adapt the fleet to coastal warfare and guarantee access to any point on the globe, using its ships as launching platforms in an attempt to maintain the relevance of the Navy, considered fundamental for a seafaring nation, follower of the Mahan doctrine, as is the United States. For her part, Professor Esther del Campo goes into the ever-interesting research into the Armed Forces-civil society interaction in Latin America, and into how this is reflected in the perception held by citizens of their armies, based on four regional surveys. This question is of great relevance at the stage of transformation now being undergone by the Latin-American Armed Forces, which at times undertake functions more properly carried out by the forces of State security, due to the conditioning factors of common violence, organized crime networks or natural catastrophes which some Latin American countries present. Professor Esther Salamanca Aguado, who teaches at the Segovia campus of the University of Valladolid, addresses a subject of great current interest affecting people’s private lives, namely, data protection, in the face of the abusive use of technologies which permit the massive vigilance of communication, bringing them into collision with the rights and liberties of citizens. The article evaluates Article 8 of the European Human Rights Agreement, with the aim of analyzing whether this is considered sufficient to avoid interfering with the private lives of citizens. Finally, Ignacio Cartagena Núñez deals in his article with the reinforced dialogue of the International Energy Agency with certain non-member States who, as emerging economies, are destined to play an ever more relevant role in the coming energy panorama.
REVISTA IEEE 4
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