421 Adolfo García Quintela The evolution of maritime policy in the European... • Center for the Coordination of Maritime Coastal and Border Surveillance (CCVM in its Spanish acronym)85: This center, located within the Operations Room of the Adjunct Operations Directorate of the Civil Guard (Madrid), integrates information from the Integral External Surveillance System (SIVE in its Spanish acronym), and is inter-connected with the Regional Centers for Maritime Surveillance (CRVMs in their Spanish acronym) of the coasts and borders of the Mediterranean, Straits of Gibraltar, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Cantabrian Sea, which are located at the facilities of the Operative Service Centers (COS in their Spanish acronyms) in Valencia, Algeciras, Las Palmas and La Coruña, respectively. • Center for Rescue Coordination (CCS in its Spanish acronym)86: Maritime Rescue is equipped with one National Center for Rescue Coordination (CNCS in its Spanish acronym) in Madrid and 19 Rescue Coordination Centers (CCS in their Spanish acronym), distributed along the coast, to coordinate search-and-rescue and lifesaving operations, as well as the fight against contamination, in the geographic area assigned to each of them. These national information centers do not have access to the capability of integration of signals among their systems—information external to the working system—which has a negative bearing on their efficiency. In addition, not all information is shared. Part of the problem of this compartmentalization of information may be due to the dispersion of means and competences within the Administration of questions related to the sea. In this respect, it should be kept in mind that nine of the thirteen ministerial departments are found to have a direct relation with maritime affairs and to hold competences related to the sea87. This situation is contrary to the need to deal with the maritime environment from a global viewpoint and to increase cooperation and improve coordination among all organisms and agencies with competences in the actions of the State relative to the sea, and as appears in the National Maritime Security Strategy; 85 In 2008, in accord with the dispositions of “Order PRE/2523/2008” of September 4, Civil Guard Centers were created for the maritime surveillance of coasts and borders, as organisms of assessment and coordination of the Adjunct Operative Directorate of the Civil Guard and a basic tool of the Interior Ministry for border surveillance in the maritime environment within the sphere of its competences, and for crisis situations. 86 The rescue coordination centers were created on the basis of Law 27/92 on Ports of State and the Merchant Marine maritime rescue. This law states that the creation of these centers is one of the basic objectives of the National Special Services Plan for the saving of human life at sea and the fight against pollution of the marine environment. 87 The Ministerial Departments with competences in marine affairs are: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation; Ministry of Defense; Ministry of Taxation and Public Administration ; Ministry of the Interior; Ministry of Public Works; Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports; Ministry of Employment and Social Security; Ministry of Agriculture, Nutrition and Environment; and the Ministry of the Economy and Competitiveness. http://revista.ieee.es/index.php/ieee
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