242 Journal of the Spanish Institute for Strategic Studies N. 3 / 2014 obsolete view of National Defence, the broad concept of National Security, according to Alli Turrillas, should allow state armies and security forces - while different - to play together at the complex game of National Security39. DDN 1/2012 sets out a broad view of security, providing that the guarantee of security is the responsibility and obligation of the Government and that defence policy and the capabilities of the Armed Forces, which constitute the backbone of the institutional defence system, should make a unique contribution to National Security40. 2. DEFENCE AND SECURITY STRATEGY AT SEA The adjective maritime refers to the sea; it is a broad term that encompasses and includes everything related to the sea; ‘naval’, however, is a more specific term. It refers to ships as instruments that exploit the liquid medium. If we use the adjectives men-tioned in relation to strategy, in the case of maritime strategy, the marine environment has traditionally been associated with all activities carried out at sea; the word ‘naval’ in naval strategy, however, gives the term an exclusively military character and strengthens the predominant role of warships as complex weapons systems41. We prefer to use the term defence and security strategy at sea to describe, in the current context, the creation, planning and implementation process whereby certain capabilities are targeted at meeting defence and security interests in the maritime field. Any new defence and security strategies at sea should continue to be supported by two basic pillars: national security and defence (exclusively national interests) and shared security and defence (allied or collective interests). It seems we have to choose between one of the following options: command over the sea, or limited control, marcha, Cuadernos de estrategia, no. 155, Madrid, Ministerio de Defensa, Dirección General de Relaciones Institucionales, 2011, p. 29. 39 ALLI TURRILLAS, Juan Cruz: “Seguridad nacional, defensa y Fuerzas Armadas”, in Parte especial del Derecho administrativo: la intervención de la Administración en la sociedad, Colex, Madrid, 2012, p. 417. 40 Directiva de Defensa Nacional 1/2012, de 31 de julio, por una defensa necesaria, por una defensa responsable, p. 2, http://www.ieee.es/Galerias/fichero/Varios/DDN-2012.pdf. 41 PARENTE RODRÍGUEZ, Gonzalo: La estrategia marítima y su evolución: evolución de la estrategia marítima desde la II Guerra Mundial hasta nuestros días y su proyección en el próximo siglo, Madrid, Editorial Naval, 1992, p. 23.
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